改性竹纤维增强回收聚苯乙烯复合材料的制备及性能

Preparation and Properties of Recycled Polystyrene Composites Reinforced by Modified Bamboo Fiber

摘要: 聚苯乙烯作为一种使用广泛但难降解的热塑性材料，其回收利用面临着界面性能差、力学性能弱等问题。本文旨在通过改性竹纤维来增强回收聚苯乙烯的力学性能，为聚苯乙烯的高质化再生利用提供一条可靠途径。本研究采用原子转移自由基聚合(AGET-ATRP)接枝改性与偶联剂改性结合对天然竹纤维表面进行改性。制备了一系列不同竹纤维含量的回收聚苯乙烯复合材料，对材料进行了相关的表征和力学性能研究。研究结果表明，改性竹纤维能够显著提升其与回收聚苯乙烯的界面结合性。与未改性竹纤维相比，改性竹纤维对回收聚苯乙烯基体复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度均有提升。然而，竹纤维的添加会导致复合材料抗冲击性能下降。与改性的竹纤维相比，未改性竹纤维制备的复合材料的抗冲击性能下降更明显。这说明了改性技术可以有效克服天然纤维与非极性基体材料之间的相容性障碍，展现出良好的增强效果与应用前景。

Abstract: Polystyrene, as a widely used but difficult to degrade thermoplastic material, faces problems such as poor interfacial properties and weak mechanical properties in its recycling and reuse. In this study, modified bamboo fibers were used to enhance the mechanical properties of recycled polystyrene, providing a reliable approach for the high-quality regeneration and utilization of polystyrene. The surface modification of natural bamboo fibers is achieved through a combination of AGET-ATRP graft modification and coupling agent modification. A series of recycled polystyrene composites with different bamboo fiber contents were prepared, and the materials were characterized and their mechanical properties were studied. The research results indicate that modified bamboo fiber can significantly enhance its interfacial bonding with recycled polystyrene. Compared with the composite material prepared by unmodified bamboo fiber, modified bamboo fiber improves the tensile strength and bending strength of recycled polystyrene matrix composite material. However, the addition of bamboo fiber can lead to a decrease in the impact resistance of composite materials. Compared with the composite material prepared by modified bamboo fiber, the impact resistance of the composite material prepared by unmodified bamboo fiber decreased more significantly. This indicates that modification technology can effectively overcome the compatibility barriers between natural fibers and non-polar matrix materials, demonstrating good reinforcement effects and application prospects.