数字化发展不均衡下老年人信息使用的心理障碍及突破路径

Psychological Barriers and Breakthrough Paths for the Elderly’s Information Use in the Context of Unbalanced Digital Development

摘要: 在数字化深度普及的背景下，数字化发展不均衡问题日益凸显，老年人群体的数字适应水平相对滞后，其信息使用困境备受关注。其中心理障碍相较于技术接入、技能掌握等外在问题，更成为阻碍老年人使用数字信息与技术的核心因素。文章基于社会老年学、认知心理学及社会支持理论，结合老年人心理特质与数字使用场景，界定其信息使用中心理障碍的核心表现，包括数字恐惧、自我效能感低下、数字社会融入感缺失及传统惯性心理。从个体认知衰退、社会支持缺失、技术设计失衡三个维度，系统剖析心理障碍的形成根源，进而从个体、家庭、社会、技术四维构建协同突破路径。研究旨在破解老年人数字融入的心理困境，为推动现代信息数字包容、构建老年友好型数字社会。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of the in-depth popularization of digitalization, the issue of unbalanced digital development has become increasingly prominent. The elderly group has a relatively lagging level of digital adaptation, and their predicament in information use has attracted widespread attention. Among all the challenges they face, psychological barriers, in contrast to external problems such as technological access and skill acquisition, have become the core factors hindering the elderly from using digital information and technologies. Based on the theories of social gerontology, cognitive psychology and social support, and combined with the psychological traits of the elderly and their digital usage scenarios, this paper defines the core manifestations of psychological barriers in their information use, including digital fear, low self-efficacy, a lack of a sense of integration into the digital society and the psychological inertia of adhering to traditional ways. It systematically analyzes the root causes of such psychological barriers from three dimensions: individual cognitive decline, lack of social support and imbalance in technological design, and further constructs a collaborative breakthrough path from four dimensions: the individual, family, society and technology. This study aims to address the psychological predicament of the elderly in digital integration, and provide theoretical reference and practical guidance for advancing the inclusiveness of modern information and digitalization and building a digitally age-friendly society.