中西医结合治疗肾癌的研究进展

Research Progress on Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in the Treatment of Renal Cell Carcinoma

摘要: 肾细胞癌(renal cell carcinoma, RCC)是泌尿系统常见的恶性肿瘤，其发病隐匿，早期诊断困难。目前，早期肾癌以手术治疗为主，但术后5年内复发率高达40%；晚期肾癌主要采用靶向治疗，但易出现耐药性及多种不良反应。中医药在改善术后并发症、减轻靶向药物毒副作用及提高患者生活质量方面显示出独特优势。本文系统回顾了中西医对肾癌病因病机的认识，重点探讨了中医药联合手术及靶向治疗的应用现状，并对未来中西医结合治疗肾癌的研究方向进行了展望，以期为临床实践提供参考。

Abstract: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common malignant tumor of the urinary system, characterized by insidious onset and difficulty in early diagnosis. Currently, surgical resection remains the primary treatment for early-stage RCC; however, the postoperative recurrence rate within 5 years is as high as 40%. For advanced RCC, targeted therapy is the mainstay of treatment, but it is often associated with drug resistance and various adverse reactions. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has demonstrated unique advantages in ameliorating postoperative complications, alleviating targeted drug-related toxicities, and improving patients’ quality of life. This article systematically reviews the understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of RCC from both Western medicine and TCM perspectives, with a focus on the current application status of combining TCM with surgery and targeted therapy. Future research directions for integrated treatment of RCC are also discussed, aiming to provide references for clinical practice.