“预制X”构式的形义错配及语用机制

Form-Meaning Mismatch and Pragmatic Mechanisms of the “Yuzhi X” Construction

摘要: 近年来，网络新兴构式“预制X”进入大众视野并呈现出高频泛化的趋势，本文对这一构式进行句法语义语用的三维考查。研究发现：在句法层面，“预制”突破了修饰具体实体的限制，向抽象事件与心理名词泛化，展现出强烈的类前缀化倾向；在语义层面，该构式通过语义压制与多空间概念整合机制，生成了“机械化、去本真化”的消极构式浮现义；在语用层面，该构式不仅作为面子保全与自我调侃的策略，而且更成为交际者批判工具理性、寻求社群立场对齐的话语工具。本文揭示了该构式形义错配背后的认知理据与交际动因，为网络流行语的微观演变与当代社会心理的语言学投射提供了实证参考。

Abstract: In recent years, the emerging internet construction “pre-made X” (Yuzhi X) has gained widespread public attention and exhibited a trend of high-frequency generalization. This paper conducts a multidimensional investigation of this construction from the syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic perspectives. The study finds that at the syntactic level, “pre-made” breaks through the restriction of modifying concrete entities and generalizes to abstract events and psychological nouns, demonstrating a strong tendency toward quasi-prefixation. At the semantic level, through mechanisms of semantic coercion and multi-space conceptual blending, the construction generates a negative emergent meaning characterized by “mechanization and de-authenticity”. At the pragmatic level, it serves not only as a strategy for face-saving and self-mockery but also as a discourse tool for interlocutors to critique instrumental rationality and seek stance alignment within communities. This paper reveals the cognitive rationale and communicative motivations behind the form-meaning mismatch of the construction, providing an empirical reference for the micro-evolution of internet catchphrases and the linguistic projection of contemporary social psychology.