儿童感染后闭塞性支气管炎的早期识别与预防研究进展
Research Advances in Early Recognition and Prevention of Post-Infectious Bronchitis Obliterans in Children
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2026.1641682, PDF,   
作者: 李娇娇：重庆医科大学附属儿童医院呼吸科，儿童少年健康与疾病国家临床医学研究中心，儿童发育疾病研究教育部重点实验室，儿童感染与免疫罕见病重庆市重点实验室，重庆；田代印*：重庆医科大学附属儿童医院呼吸科，儿童少年健康与疾病国家临床医学研究中心，儿童发育疾病研究教育部重点实验室，儿童感染与免疫罕见病重庆市重点实验室，重庆；复旦大学附属儿科医院呼吸科，上海
关键词: 感染后闭塞性支气管炎；儿童；高危因素；预防；Post-Infectious Bronchitis Obliterans； Children； Risk Factors； Prevention
摘要: 感染后闭塞性支气管炎(Post-Infectious Bronchitis Obliterans, PIBO)是儿童期一种严重且不可逆的慢性阻塞性肺疾病，主要继发于重症下呼吸道感染，病程迁延，严重影响患儿生活质量及肺功能发育。早期识别高危因素对改善预后至关重要。本文从病原学、人口学特征、临床症状、实验室指标及影像学表现等方面，系统综述儿童PIBO早期识别的研究进展，并探讨支气管镜灌洗及糖皮质激素在PIBO预防性应用中的理论基础、临床证据仍存在争议，旨在提高临床医师对该病的认识，为临床决策提供参考。
Abstract: Post-infectious bronchitis obliterans (PIBO) is a severe and irreversible chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in children, primarily secondary to severe lower respiratory tract infections. The disease has a prolonged course and significantly affects the quality of life and pulmonary function development in affected children. Early identification of risk factors is crucial for improving prognosis. This article systematically reviews the research progress on early identification of PIBO in children from aspects including etiology, demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, laboratory indicators, and imaging findings. Furthermore, it discusses the theoretical basis, clinical evidence, and controversies surrounding the preventive application of bronchoalveolar lavage and glucocorticoids in PIBO, aiming to enhance clinicians’ understanding of the disease and provide references for clinical decision-making.
文章引用：李娇娇, 田代印. 儿童感染后闭塞性支气管炎的早期识别与预防研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(4): 4136-4141. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.1641682

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