振幅整合脑电图与传统方法在早产儿脑功能 评估中的对比研究：一项前瞻性分析

A Comparative Study of Amplitude-Integrated Electroencephalography and Traditional Methods in Assessing Brain Function in Preterm Infants: A Prospective Analysis

摘要: 目的：探讨振幅整合脑电图(amplitude-integrated electroencephalography, aEEG)在早产儿脑功能发育状态评估中的应用价值。方法：前瞻性纳入2023年12月至2025年12月本院收治的40例胎龄 < 37周早产儿，根据评估方式分为aEEG组(n = 20)和对照组(头颅彩超 + 婴儿运动能力评估n = 20)。aEEG组记录脑电连续性、睡眠–觉醒周期及振幅带宽；对照组评估头颅结构异常及运动能力表现。比较两组脑功能异常识别率，并分析aEEG参数与对照指标的相关性。结果：aEEG组脑功能异常识别率为40.0%，高于对照组的35.0%，但差异无统计学意义(P = 0.744)。aEEG组脑电连续性值为(81.2 ± 9.5)%，睡眠–觉醒周期出现率为(1.9 ± 0.6)次/h，振幅带宽为(10.1 ± 2.4) μV。脑电连续性与婴儿运动能力评估评分呈负相关(r = −0.52, P < 0.01)，振幅带宽与头颅彩超异常呈正相关(r = 0.48, P < 0.05)。结论：aEEG作为床旁神经监测工具，能够动态反映早产儿脑电活动，与传统评估方法具有良好一致性，在早期识别脑功能异常方面具有一定优势，值得临床推广应用。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the value of amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) in assessing the status of brain functional development in preterm infants. Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 40 preterm infants with gestational age < 37 weeks admitted to our hospital from December 2023 to December 2025. The infants were divided into two groups based on the assessment method: an aEEG group (n = 20) and a control group (n = 20) assessed using cranial color Doppler ultrasound and General Movements Assessment (GMA). In the aEEG group, EEG continuity, sleep-wake cycling, and amplitude bandwidth were recorded. In the control group, structural brain abnormalities and motor performance were evaluated. The identification rates of brain functional abnormalities were compared between the two groups, and the correlations between aEEG parameters and control indicators were analyzed. Results: The identification rate of brain functional abnormalities in the aEEG group was 40.0%, higher than that in the control group 35.0%, although the difference did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.744). In the aEEG group, cerebral continuity was (81.2 ± 9.5)%, sleep-wake cycling frequency was (1.9 ± 0.6) cycles/hour, and amplitude bandwidth was (10.1 ±2.4) μV. Cerebral continuity showed a negative correlation with GMA scores (r = −0.52, P < 0.01), while amplitude bandwidth was positively correlated with abnormalities detected by cranial color Doppler ultrasound (r = 0.48, P < 0.05). Conclusion: As a bedside neuromonitoring tool, aEEG can dynamically reflect cerebral electrical activity in preterm infants and demonstrates good consistency with traditional assessment methods, offering advantages for early identification of brain functional abnormalities and meriting clinical.