冠周脂肪衰减指数在冠脉病变及左心功能 评价中的研究进展

Research Progress of Peri-Rootal Fat Attenuation Index in the Evaluation of Coronary Artery Lesions and Left Ventricular Function

摘要: 冠心病是全球致死率最高的心血管疾病，早诊早治对改善患者预后至关重要，冠周脂肪衰减指数(FAI)作为冠状动脉CT血管造影(CCTA)衍生的新型影像标志物，为冠心病的无创评估提供了新方向。本文从FAI的基础研究与检测技术出发，梳理其与冠脉炎症的关联机制、检测原理及标准化测量方法，总结FAI在冠脉狭窄分级、高危斑块识别、病变风险分层中的应用价值，探讨其与左心室射血分数的关联及在左心功能评价、冠心病预后预测中的研究进展，最后分析FAI应用的现存问题，展望其在冠心病精准评估中的发展前景，仅供参考。

Abstract: Coronary heart disease is the cardiovascular disease with the highest mortality rate worldwide. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for improving the prognosis of patients. The peri-rootal fat attenuation index (FAI), as a novel imaging biomarker derived from coronary CT angiography (CCTA), provides a new direction for non-invasive assessment of coronary heart disease. This article starts from the basic research and detection technology of FAI, summarizes its association mechanism with coronary artery inflammation, detection principle, and standardized measurement methods, and summarizes the application value of FAI in coronary artery stenosis grading, high-risk plaque identification, and lesion risk stratification. It also discusses its association with left ventricular ejection fraction and the research progress in left ventricular function evaluation and coronary heart disease prognosis prediction. Finally, it analyzes the existing problems in the application of FAI and looks forward to its development prospects in precise assessment of coronary heart disease, for reference only.