推拉理论视域下地方公费师范生培养质量的影响因素与政策规约

Influencing Factors and Policy Regulations on the Training Quality of Local Public-Funded Normal College Students from the Perspective of Push-Pull Theory

摘要: 地方公费师范生培养质量事关乡村教师队伍建设成效与乡村教育长远发展。但在现实培养过程中，地方公费师范生招生环节存在报考动机偏差、适配性不足，培养环节存在退出机制缺失、学习动力匮乏，就业环节存在职业预期错位、专业发展停滞等问题，严重制约了培养质量的提升。推拉理论的二元分析框架可有效阐释地方公费师范生在招生、培养、就业中的行为逻辑与选择偏好。通过剖析地方公费师范生培养质量的推拉因素，厘清各推拉因素的具体表征，在此基础上，从招生、培养、就业三个层面，阐释各推拉因素影响地方公费师范生培养质量的作用机理，并据此构建有针对性的政策规约体系，确保和提升地方公费师范生的培养质量。

Abstract: The training quality of local public-funded normal college students is related to the effectiveness of rural teacher team construction and the long-term development of rural education. However, in the actual training process, there are deviations in application motivation and insufficient adaptability in the enrollment process of local public-funded normal college students, a lack of exit mechanisms and learning motivation in the training process, misaligned career expectations and stagnant professional development in the employment process, which seriously restrict the improvement of training quality. The binary analysis framework of push-pull theory can effectively explain the behavioral logic and selection preferences of local public-funded normal college students in enrollment, training, and employment. Based on the analysis of the push and pull factors that influence the training quality of local public-funded normal college students, the specific representation of each push-pull factor is clarified, and the mechanism of each push-pull factor affecting the training quality of local public-funded normal college students is explained from enrollment, training, and employment. Besides, construct targeted polices and regulation systems to ensure and improve the training quality of local public-funded normal college students.