铁路隧道施工过程粉尘治理及其技术的研究——以相山隧道为例
Research on Dust Control and Its Technology during Railway Tunnel Construction—A Case Study of the Xiangshan Tunnel
DOI: 10.12677/hjce.2026.154105, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 张 超：中国铁路上海局集团有限公司合肥铁路枢纽工程建设指挥部，安徽 合肥；杨玉如：中国矿业大学低碳能源与动力工程学院，江苏 徐州
关键词: 隧道；钻爆法；粉尘；治理技术；Tunnel； Drilling and Blasting Method； Dust； Control Technology
摘要: 铁路隧道建设发展迅速，钻爆法作为铁路隧道工程的主要施工技术，其爆破作业会导致掌子面区域产生高浓度粉尘。粉尘扩散迅速，既恶化作业环境，也对施工人员构成健康风险，甚至触发爆炸事故。本文依托相山铁路隧道施工污染物分布特性相关课题，聚焦爆破粉尘的相关研究与其治理技术，介绍了选题的工程背景与必要性，梳理了国内外相关研究成果，对比了不同研究方法，归纳了当前该领域常用的技术手段与尚存问题，分析了粉尘在隧道空间内的分布规律及其主控因素，进而为现场通风方案优化和人员防护措施制定提供参考依据。
Abstract: Railway tunnel construction has developed rapidly, and the drill-and-blast method, as the dominant construction technology for railway tunnel engineering, produces high concentrations of respirable dust at the tunnel face during blasting operations. Rapid dispersion of these respirable particles through the confined underground space degrades air quality and imposes cumulative respiratory hazards on operatives; under certain conditions, elevated dust loads may also present explosion risks. Drawing on the research project investigating the distribution characteristics of construction pollutants in the Xiangshan railway tunnel, this study examines blast-induced fugitive dust and its mitigation strategies. It presents the engineering background and necessity of the research topic, systematically reviews relevant domestic and international research achievements, compares different research methodologies, and summarizes the commonly used technical approaches and persistent research gaps in this field. The analysis characterizes spatial dust distribution patterns and their governing parameters, offering practical guidance for ventilation optimization and formulating personnel protection measures.
文章引用：张超, 杨玉如. 铁路隧道施工过程粉尘治理及其技术的研究——以相山隧道为例[J]. 土木工程, 2026, 15(4): 311-325. https://doi.org/10.12677/hjce.2026.154105

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