基于PCS7的锅炉多变量解耦控制系统研究与性能验证

Research and Performance Validation of Boiler Multivariable Decoupling Control System Based on PCS7

摘要: 自然循环锅炉多变量强耦合控制一直是工业领域的难题，考虑到完全解耦在工程实际应用的困难，本文提出一种基于西门子PCS7多变量部分解耦控制策略。本研究首先通过工艺分析，明确了汽包液位、过热蒸汽温度与压力等关键参数的控制要求与互相的耦合关系，进而创新性地设计了以“汽包液位–前馈反馈串级”与“过热蒸汽温度–串级分程控制”为核心的部分解耦控制架构，该设计不仅能够实现精准控温，而且通过分程控制消除了给水调节过程中引发的汽包液位的二次扰动。本研究在PCS7中完成了硬件组态、工业以太网通信架构设计、连续功能图CFC和顺序功能图SFC编程。在SMPT-1000平台进行的仿真验证表明：系统在额定负荷(21 kg/s)与变负荷(30 kg/s)工况下，关键参数稳态误差均小于±1%，并且具有很好的抗干扰能力，为实现工业锅炉的高性能控制提供了兼具理论严谨性与工程实用性的解决方案。

Abstract: Multivariable strong coupling control of natural circulation boilers has long been a challenging problem in the industrial field. Considering the difficulty of applying complete decoupling in practical engineering, this paper proposes a multivariable partial decoupling control strategy based on Siemens PCS7. Through process analysis, this study first identifies the control requirements and coupling relationships among key parameters such as drum level, superheated steam temperature and pressure. A partial decoupling control architecture is then innovatively designed, with drum level feedforward-feedback cascade control and superheated steam temperature cascade-split range control as the core. This design not only achieves precise temperature control but also eliminates the secondary disturbance to drum level caused by feedwater regulation through split range control. The hardware configuration, industrial Ethernet communication architecture design, continuous function chart CFC and sequential function chart SFC programming are completed in PCS7. Simulation verification on the SMPT-1000 platform shows that under rated load (21 kg/s) and variable load (30 kg/s) conditions, the steady-state errors of key parameters are all less than ±1%, and the system has good anti-interference capability, providing a solution with both theoretical rigor and engineering practicality for high-performance control of industrial boilers.