糖尿病特殊人群降糖治疗的临床探讨

Clinical Discussion on Hypoglycemic Treatment for Special Populations with Diabetes

摘要: 糖尿病作为全球范围内高发的慢性代谢性疾病，其治疗核心在于安全、有效、平稳地控制血糖，以最大限度减少并发症发生风险。在临床实践中，老年人、肝肾功能不全者、肥胖者、妊娠期女性、儿童青少年及合并心脑血管疾病等特殊糖尿病人群，由于生理及病理特点的特殊性、合并发症的复杂性以及药物代谢的差异性，降糖治疗需遵循个体化的原则，综合权衡安全性与有效性。本文基于临床教学需求，系统阐述糖尿病特殊人群的降糖治疗方案，以期为临床教学与实践提供参考，助力提升糖尿病特殊人群血糖水平管理的规范化。

Abstract: Diabetes, as a globally prevalent chronic metabolic disease, its treatment core lies in safely, effectively and steadily controlling blood sugar to minimize the risk of complications. In clinical practice, special populations such as the elderly, people with liver and kidney dysfunction, obese individuals, pregnant women, children and adolescents, and patients with concurrent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, due to their unique physiological and pathological characteristics, complex complications and differences in drug metabolism, require individualized hypoglycemic treatment, comprehensively balancing safety and efficacy. Based on the clinical teaching requirements, this article systematically expounds the hypoglycemic treatment plans for special populations with diabetes, providing references for clinical teaching and practice, and helping to improve the standardization of blood sugar level management in special populations with diabetes.