“很有NP”句法分析

A Syntactic Analysis of the “很有NP”

摘要: 本文旨在对“很有NP”进行句法分析，首先对该结构中的NP进行分析，彭利贞把NP分为三类，分别为表抽象意的名词、表多量意的名词以及既可以表抽象意也可以表多量意的名词，高红梅也将NP分为三类，包括NP表强性状语义、NP表多量语义以及无法进入该结构的NP，之后我们对“很”的意义进行分析，指出“很”可以表示程度意和多量意，其次我们会对“很有NP”进行句法分析，根据Chomsky的CP-IP-vP-VP句法层级，利用熊仲儒的功能范畴假设、嫁接与移位同向假设，通过一系列句法分析，首先“很有NP”可以进行关系化，关系化扩展TP，推断出“很”处于TP层，其次我们又将“很”和转移范畴TransP，情态范畴ModP、语气范畴MoP等其他功能范畴进行共现，推断出“很”位于较高的句法结构。

Abstract: This paper aims to conduct a syntactic analysis of the construction “很有NP”. Firstly, it examines the NP within this construction. Peng Lizhen categorizes NP into three types: nouns expressing abstract meanings, nouns expressing quantitative meanings, and nouns that can express both abstract and quantitative meanings. Gao Hongmei also classifies NP into three categories, including NPs expressing strong qualitative semantics, NPs expressing quantitative semantics, and NPs that cannot enter this construction. Subsequently, we analyze the meaning of “很”, pointing out that “很” can express both degree and quantitative meanings. Next, we conduct a syntactic analysis of “很有NP”. Based on Chomsky’s CP-IP-vP-VP syntactic hierarchy and employing Xiong Zhongru’s functional category hypothesis and the hypothesis of adjunction and movement in the same direction, a series of syntactic analyses reveal the following: first, “很有NP” can be relativized, and relativization extends TP, suggesting that “很” is located at the TP level. Second, by examining the co-occurrence of “很” with other functional categories such as TransP, ModP, MoP, we infer that “很” occupies a higher syntactic position.