智慧养老背景下敏感信息收集的合规性研究

The Study on Compliance of Sensitive Information Collection in the Context of Smart Elderly Care

摘要: 随着社会经济与科学技术的蓬勃发展，以物联网、人工智能等作为技术支撑的智慧养老已成为应对人口老龄化挑战的重要战略方向。然而，养老服务精准化与便捷化需要收集包含老年人敏感信息在内的各种信息数据，对老年人生物识别、健康医疗、行踪轨迹等敏感个人信息不当收集引发了严峻的隐私安全与合规风险。老年群体在信息采集过程中面临的数字鸿沟、认知能力变化及权利实现不平等所带来的特殊性，这使得对老年人不合规的敏感信息收集可能产生特殊的实践问题，导致对养老服务体系信任的侵蚀等多重危害。因此，必须构建包含信息收集者、监管者与老年群体三元主体的协同合规机制，在技术向善、监管完备与人文关怀三者协同共治的框架下，才能实现智慧养老的可持续健康发展。

Abstract: With the vigorous development of social economy and science and technology, smart elderly care, supported by technologies such as the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence, has become an important strategic direction to address the challenges of population aging. However, precise and convenient elderly care services require the collection of various information data, including sensitive information of the elderly. Improper collection of sensitive personal information, such as biometric data, health and medical records, and mobility tracking of the elderly, has raised severe privacy, security, and compliance risks. The elderly face particular issues during information collection due to the digital divide, changes in cognitive abilities, and inequalities in the realization of their rights. This makes non-compliant collection of sensitive information from the elderly likely to cause specific practical problems, leading to multiple harms such as erosion of trust in the elderly care service system. Therefore, it is necessary to build a collaborative compliance mechanism involving three parties: information collectors, regulators, and the elderly. Only under a framework of collaboration among ethical technology use, comprehensive regulation, and humanistic care can sustainable and healthy development of smart elderly care be achieved.