银发经济的价值迷失与重构

The Value Loss and Reconstruction of the Silver Economy

摘要: 我国已进入中度老龄化社会，银发经济作为推动经济增长的重要力量，其规模持续扩大。然而，在资本逻辑的驱动下，老年消费市场显现出“商品的增值”与“作为消费者的老年人主体性的贬值”的悖论：适老化产品日益丰富，但老年人的真实需求、主体地位与主体尊严却面临边缘化危机。通过考察老年消费市场，本文试图揭示当前银发经济中存在的需求被塑造、产品技术异化及消费边缘化三种价值迷失现象，并运用马克思异化理论与霍耐特承认理论进行批判性反思，提出银发经济应实现从“收割老年人”向“赋能老年人”的范式转型，构建回归“美好生活”本意的伦理框架。

Abstract: China has entered a stage of moderate population aging, with the silver economy emerging as a significant driver of economic growth and continuing to expand in scale. However, driven by the logic of capital, the senior consumer market presents a paradox of “commodity appreciation” versus “the depreciation of the senior as a consumer subject”: while age-friendly products are becoming increasingly abundant, the genuine needs, subject status, and dignity of older adults face a crisis of marginalization. By examining the senior consumer market, this paper seeks to reveal three phenomena of value disorientation within the current silver economy: the shaping of consumer needs, the technological alienation of products, and the marginalization of senior consumers. Employing Marx’s theory of alienation and Honneth’s theory of recognition for critical reflection, this paper proposes that the silver economy should undergo a paradigm shift from “exploiting older adults” to “empowering older adults”, thereby constructing an ethical framework that returns to the essence of a “good life”.