社会民生视域下人口老龄化问题研究初探

A Preliminary Study on the Problem of Population Aging from the Perspective of Social Welfare and People’s Livelihood

摘要: 人口老龄化已成为我国社会发展的核心民生议题，其影响深刻贯穿家庭结构、劳动力市场与社会保障体系。目前，我国现有养老保障体系虽已构建多元框架，但仍存在责任定位模糊、城乡差异显著、供需匹配不足等结构性矛盾，基于此，本文采用多源调查数据与相关文献，系统剖析我国老龄化“高龄化加速”“区域失衡”的核心特征，探究家庭赡养功能弱化、照料成本提升、医疗费用持续增长的影响因素。并依托人工智能技术，提出“家庭–社会–技术”多元治理框架，主张通过制度优化、技术赋能与产业创新三维发力，为破解老龄化困局、增进民生福祉寻找新思路。

Abstract: Population aging has become a core social issue in China, profoundly influencing family structures, the labor market, and the social security system. Although China’s current pension security system has established a multi-faceted framework, it still faces structural contradictions such as ambiguous responsibility allocation, significant urban-rural disparities, and insufficient supply-demand matching. Based on this, this article uses multi-source survey data and relevant literature to systematically analyze the core characteristics of China’s aging population, namely the accelerated aging of the elderly and regional imbalance. It also explores the influencing factors of weakened family support functions, increased care costs, and continuously rising medical expenses. Relying on artificial intelligence technology, the article proposes a “family-society-technology” multi-governance framework, advocating for a three-dimensional approach of institutional optimization, technological empowerment, and industrial innovation to seek new solutions for breaking the deadlock of population aging and enhancing people’s well-being.