“双碳”目标下零散气撬装回收管理的挑战与优化路径

Challenges and Optimization Paths of Skid-Mounted Recovery Management of Scattered Natural Gas under the “Dual Carbon” Goal

摘要: 在“碳达峰、碳中和”战略深入推进的背景下，减少天然气放空焚烧、实现零散气资源高效利用成为油气田绿色低碳发展的核心任务。撬装式LNG/CNG回收技术因机动灵活、部署快速的特点，已成为新井测试放喷气、评价井试采气及无外输管网气井产能等零散气处理的主流方案，但该技术面临低温深冷/高压工艺风险、介质易燃易爆特性、管理模式复杂及合规性不足等多重挑战。基于国内油气田零散气回收实践，系统剖析了撬装回收模式在安全风险、管理机制及经济效益方面的核心问题，构建了“业务模式优化、手续流程规范、承包商全链条管控、历史遗留问题分类处置”的综合性管理框架。研究结果可为油气企业实现零散气回收的安全、合规、可持续运营提供技术支撑，助力资源节约与环境保护协同推进，为国家“双碳”目标达成提供重要保障。

Abstract: Under the background of the in-depth advancement of the “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality” strategy, reducing natural gas venting and incineration and realizing the efficient utilization of scattered natural gas resources have become the core tasks of the green and low-carbon development of oil and gas fields. Skid-mounted LNG/CNG recovery technology has become the mainstream solution for treating scattered natural gas such as gas from new well testing, gas from appraisal well production testing, and gas well productivity without external transmission pipelines due to its flexibility and rapid deployment characteristics. However, this technology faces multiple challenges such as low-temperature cryogenic/high-pressure process risks, flammable and explosive characteristics of the medium, complex management models, and insufficient compliance. Based on the practice of scattered natural gas recovery in domestic oil and gas fields, this paper systematically analyzes the core problems of the skid-mounted recovery model in terms of safety risks, management mechanisms and economic benefits, and constructs a comprehensive management framework including “business model optimization, procedure standardization, full-chain contractor management, and classified disposal of historical legacy issues”. The research results can provide technical support for oil and gas enterprises to realize the safe, compliant and sustainable operation of scattered natural gas recovery, help promote the coordinated development of resource conservation and environmental protection, and provide an important guarantee for the achievement of the country’s “Dual Carbon” goals.