算法权力与电子商务平台治理边界重构

Algorithmic Power and the Reconstruction of Governance Boundaries in E-Commerce Platforms

摘要: 在算法技术深度嵌入数字经济结构的背景下，电子商务平台的制度角色正在发生结构性转型。本文围绕“算法权力与电子商务平台治理边界重构”这一核心问题展开分析，旨在回应平台权能扩张与责任边界失衡之间的制度张力。通过对算法权力理论与平台治理逻辑的系统梳理，本文指出，算法嵌入使平台由传统信息中介转变为规则塑造与秩序调节的结构性节点。传统以“中介假设”与“事后责任”为基础的治理框架，已难以完全覆盖算法对信息可见性与交易机会分配所产生的前置性影响。在此基础上，本文提出以决策边界、权力边界与监督边界为核心的三重重构路径，强调将规则参与责任、结构性影响审视与规则层面监管纳入平台治理体系。本文的理论贡献在于，从结构层面整合算法权力理论与平台治理研究，突破具体责任议题的碎片化讨论，为数字经济条件下平台制度定位的调整提供系统性分析框架。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of the deep integration of algorithmic technologies into the digital economy, the institutional role of e-commerce platforms is undergoing a structural transformation. This paper focuses on the core issue of the reconstruction of governance boundaries in e-commerce platforms under algorithmic power, aiming to respond to the institutional tension between the expansion of platform authority and the imbalance of responsibility boundaries. Through a systematic examination of algorithmic power theory and platform governance logic, this study argues that the embedding of algorithms has transformed platforms from traditional information intermediaries into structural nodes that shape rules and regulate order. The traditional governance framework, which is based on the intermediary assumption and ex post liability, can no longer fully address the ex ante influence of algorithms on information visibility and the allocation of transaction opportunities. On this basis, the paper proposes a threefold reconstruction path centered on decision boundaries, power boundaries, and supervisory boundaries, emphasizing the incorporation of responsibility for rule participation, scrutiny of structural effects, and rule-based oversight into the platform governance system. The theoretical contribution of this study lies in integrating algorithmic power theory with platform governance research at a structural level, moving beyond fragmented discussions of specific liability issues and providing a systematic analytical framework for the adjustment of platform institutional positioning in the digital economy.