生态系统理论视角下农村留守儿童心理健康的影响机制与干预路径研究

Research on the Impact Mechanisms and Intervention Pathways of Rural Left-Behind Children’s Mental Health from the Perspective of Ecological Systems Theory

摘要: 农村留守儿童心理健康问题是我国城镇化进程中衍生出的重大公共议题。文章基于布朗芬布伦纳的生态系统理论，系统阐释农村留守儿童心理健康的多层影响机制。研究表明，留守儿童的心理健康是个体与多层环境系统相互作用的结果。各系统之间失衡的嵌套关系，使留守儿童陷入发展困境。据此，文章提出构建“个体赋能–家庭功能支持–学校提质–社区联动–政策保障”五维协同干预路径，推动从碎片化干预走向生态系统重构，为促进农村留守儿童心理健康提供理论依据与实践参考。

Abstract: The mental health issues of left-behind children in rural areas are a significant public concern emerging from China’s urbanization process. Based on Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory, this article systematically elucidates the multi-level influencing mechanisms of left-behind children’s mental health. Research indicates that their psychological well-being results from the interaction between individuals and multi-level environmental systems. The imbalanced nested relationships among these systems plunge left-behind children into developmental dilemma. Accordingly, this paper proposes a five-dimensional collaborative intervention pathway—“individual empowerment, family rehabilitation, school improvement, community coordination, and policy support”—to shift from fragmented interventions toward ecological system reconstruction, providing both theoretical foundations and practical references for promoting the mental health of left-behind children in rural areas.