唯物史观视域下马克思人民主体思想

Marx’s Concept of the People as the Subject from the Perspective of the Materialist Conception of History

摘要: 唯物史观作为马克思主义哲学的重要组成部分，揭示了人类社会发展的客观规律，而人民主体思想则是唯物史观在价值立场上的集中体现。它不仅是马克思主义理论体系的精髓，更是其核心构成部分，具有无可替代的地位。本文阐述了马克思人民主体思想的发展阶段，阐释了马克思以“现实的人”为起点，以实现人的自由全面发展为目标，科学论证了现实的人是从事物质生产实践的人，是历史的创造者，在社会变革中起决定作用，充分肯定了人民群众的主体地位。马克思人民主体思想在时代发展中不断守正创新，被赋予了丰富的时代内涵，为新时代人民群众充分发挥主体作用提供了重要指引。旨在为理解马克思主义的人民立场提供理论支撑，为当代中国的发展实践提供思想借鉴。

Abstract: As a vital component of Marxist philosophy, historical materialism reveals the objective laws governing the development of human society, while the people as the subject represents the concentrated embodiment of historical materialism in terms of value stance. It is not only the essence of the Marxist theoretical system but also its core constituent, holding an irreplaceable position. This paper expounds on the developmental stages of Marx’s thought of the people as the subject, illustrating that Marx took “real people” as the starting point and the free and all-round development of human beings as the goal. He scientifically demonstrated that real people are those engaged in material production practice, the creators of history, and play a decisive role in social transformation, fully affirming the people status of the subject. Marx’s thought of the people as the subject has been continuously upheld and innovated in the course of the times, endowed with rich contemporary connotations, and providing important guidance for the people to fully play their role as the subject in the new era. This paper aims to provide theoretical support for understanding the people’s stance on Marxism and an ideological reference for the development practice of contemporary China.