感知压力对青少年抑郁的影响：一个有调节的中介模型
The Impact of Perceived Stress on Adolescent Depression: A Moderated Mediation Model
摘要: 目的：考察感知压力对青少年抑郁的影响，以及心理弹性的中介作用和父母支持性反应的调节作用。方法：采用感知压力量表、心理弹性量表、父母对青少年消极情绪的反应问卷和患者健康问卷对1400名初三学生进行调查，使用SPSS 27.0和PROCESS程序进行数据分析。结果：(1) 感知压力对青少年抑郁有显著正向预测作用，心理弹性在其中起部分中介作用；(2) 父母支持性反应显著调节了该中介路径的后半段。具体而言，在父母支持水平较低时，心理韧性对抑郁的负向预测作用最强；随着父母支持水平的升高，心理韧性对抑郁的负向预测作用减小。结论：感知压力既可直接增加青少年抑郁水平，也可通过降低心理弹性间接加重抑郁症状。父母支持性反应与心理弹性存在功能替代关系，当外部支持不足时，内部心理资源的保护作用更为凸显；当外部支持充足时，可在一定程度上补偿内部资源的不足。研究揭示了家庭–个体双层保护机制的补偿模式，为分层干预提供了实证依据。
Abstract: Objective: To examine the effect of perceived stress on adolescent depression, as well as the mediating role of resilience and the moderating role of parental supportive responses. Methods: A total of 1,400 ninth-grade students completed the Perceived Stress Scale, the Resilience Scale, the Parents’ Responses to Adolescents’ Negative Emotions Questionnaire, and the Patient Health Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS 27.0 and the PROCESS macro. Results: (1) Perceived stress significantly and positively predicted adolescent depression, and resilience partially mediated this relationship. (2) Parental supportive responses significantly moderated the second half of the mediation pathway. Specifically, when parental support was low, resilience showed the strongest negative predictive effect on depression; as the level of parental support increased, the negative predictive effect of resilience on depression weakened. Conclusion: Perceived stress can increase adolescent depression both directly and indirectly by diminishing psychological resilience. Parental supportive reactions and psychological resilience exhibit a functional substitution relationship: when external support is insufficient, the protective role of internal psychological resources becomes more salient; when external support is adequate, it can compensate for deficiencies in internal resources to some extent. This study reveals a compensatory pattern of dual-layer protective mechanisms at the family-individual level, providing empirical evidence for stratified interventions.
文章引用：代钢, 王斌 (2026). 感知压力对青少年抑郁的影响：一个有调节的中介模型. 心理学进展, 16(4), 427-434. https://doi.org/10.12677/ap.2026.164216

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