海洋温差能与极地低温冷能资源综合利用研究
Research on the Comprehensive Utilization of Ocean Thermal Energy and Polar Low-Temperature Cold Energy Resources
DOI: 10.12677/sd.2026.164169, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 廖周鑫：中国极地研究中心(中国极地研究所)，上海；王振宇*：上海理工大学机械工程学院，上海
关键词: 极地温差能；低温海水资源；冷能；综合利用；温差能发电；Polar Ocean Thermal Energy； Low-Temperature Seawater Resources； Cold Energy； Comprehensive Utilization； Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion Power Generation
摘要: 极地低温冷能资源储量巨大，主要分布于极地海域及南极大陆。这些资源为优化极地能源结构、实现碳达峰与碳中和目标提供了重要基础，也是未来极地能源可持续供应系统的重要组成部分。目前，海洋温差能(OTEC)发电技术与装备仍处于试验阶段。由于兆瓦级试验电站的建设成本极高，且整体技术成熟度尚不足以支撑规模化商业利用，相关领域仍面临诸多技术挑战。本文总结了国内外温差能开发模式、综合利用现状以及相关技术装备所面临的瓶颈；结合极地海洋温差能资源的分布特性，提出了探索冷能回收、温差能发电及低温冷海水综合利用示范基地建设的思路，并给出了相应的开发模式建议。本研究旨在为极地海洋温差能与冷能资源的综合利用提供技术参考与应用指南。
Abstract: Polar cold energy resources boast enormous reserves and are primarily distributed in polar marine areas and the Antarctic continent. These resources provide a fundamental basis for optimizing polar energy structures to achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, and constitute a critical component of future polar sustainable energy supply systems. At present, technologies and equipment for Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) are still in the experimental stage. Due to the high construction costs of megawatt-level test stations and insufficient technological maturity for commercial-scale utilization, significant technical challenges remain. This paper summarizes global OTEC development models, comprehensive utilization, and the challenges facing relevant equipment. In view of the distribution characteristics of polar ocean thermal energy, this study proposes exploring demonstration bases for cold energy recovery, OTEC power generation, and the comprehensive utilization of low-temperature seawater. The research provides technical reference and application guidance for the integrated utilization of polar ocean thermal and cold energy resources.
文章引用：廖周鑫, 王振宇. 海洋温差能与极地低温冷能资源综合利用研究[J]. 可持续发展, 2026, 16(4): 437-447. https://doi.org/10.12677/sd.2026.164169

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