生物炭改性技术及其吸附典型气态污染物研究
Research on Biochar Modification Technologies and Their Adsorption of Typical Gaseous Pollutants
DOI: 10.12677/aep.2026.164062, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 谢雨欣, 薛竣捷, 李佳旭, 汤媛媛, 陶育壮, 李思彤, 曹澄澄*：徐州工程学院环境工程学院，江苏 徐州
关键词: 生物炭；改性技术；气态污染物；吸附；孔隙结构；Biochar； Modification Technology； Gaseous Pollutants； Adsorption； Pore Structure
摘要: 大气污染治理至关重要，VOCs、SO2、H2S、NH3等气态污染物严重危害生态环境与人体健康。吸附法是低浓度气态污染物治理的主流技术，生物炭兼具固碳与治污功能，但原生生物炭吸附性能有限，改性技术是突破其瓶颈的关键。本文梳理了物理、化学、生物及组合改性方法，总结了生物炭的改性效果，分析了改性生物炭对四种典型气态污染物的吸附规律与机理。研究表明，改性生物炭吸附性能提升依赖“孔隙优化 + 活性位点增加”的协同作用，不同改性方法可针对性强化生物炭对污染物的吸附能力。本文可为改性生物炭绿色制备、性能优化及规模化应用提供理论参考，为生物质高值化利用和“双碳”目标实现提供新思路。
Abstract: Atmospheric pollution control is of vital importance, as gaseous pollutants such as VOCs, SO2, H2S, NH3 pose severe hazards to the ecological environment and human health. Adsorption is the mainstream technology for treating low-concentration gaseous pollutants. Biochar has both carbon sequestration and pollution control functions, yet the adsorption performance of raw biochar is limited, and modification technologies are the key to breaking this bottleneck. This paper combs physical, chemical, biological and combined modification methods, summarizes the modification effects of biochar, and analyzes the adsorption rules and mechanisms of modified biochar on four typical gaseous pollutants. The results show that the improvement of adsorption performance of modified biochar relies on the synergistic effect of “pore optimization + active site increase”, and different modification methods can targetedly enhance the adsorption capacity of biochar for pollutants. This study can provide a theoretical reference for the green preparation, performance optimization and large-scale application of modified biochar, and offer new ideas for the high-value utilization of biomass and the achievement of the “Dual-Carbon” goals.
文章引用：谢雨欣, 薛竣捷, 李佳旭, 汤媛媛, 陶育壮, 李思彤, 曹澄澄. 生物炭改性技术及其吸附典型气态污染物研究[J]. 环境保护前沿, 2026, 16(4): 633-646. https://doi.org/10.12677/aep.2026.164062

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