洞口县兽医社会化服务管理工作课题研究报告

Research Report on the Socialized Veterinary Service Management in Dongkou County

摘要: 兽医社会化服务管理是筑牢畜牧业发展根基、保障公共卫生安全的关键环节。湖南省洞口县兽医社会化服务管理工作课题组通过多维度调研，系统梳理了2014~2024年洞口县域兽医队伍的数量结构、待遇保障及服务体系建设情况。数据显示，2024年乡镇动物防疫员169人较2018年177人减少4.5%，41岁以上134人占比仍达79.3%，队伍老龄化问题凸显；全县兽医总量1088人较2018年1283人缩减15.2%，但村级协防员年人均报酬10784元较2017年的8730元增长23.5%。课题组制定《动物疫苗免疫副反应防治技术规范》和《非洲猪瘟早期拔牙技术规范》，实施后疫苗免疫副反应损失年减少242.61万元，减少209.2%。发表兽医社会化服务相关学术论文15篇。2025年洞口县引入邵阳市中威农牧科技有限公司作为服务承接主体，政府购买兽医公共服务财政投入129.8万元，配备120名社会兽医，将全县中小散养户的强制免疫、档案建立、技术指导等工作交由企业专业化团队执行的模式，初见成效，为全国兽医社会化服务高质量发展提供可复制、可推广的“洞口模式”。

Abstract: Veterinary socialized service management is a crucial aspect in laying a solid foundation for the development of animal husbandry and ensuring public health safety. The research team on veterinary socialized service management in Dongkou County, Hunan Province, conducted a multi-dimensional survey, systematically reviewing the quantity structure, compensation guarantees, and service system construction of the veterinary team in Dongkou County from 2014 to 2024. The data reveals that the number of township animal epidemic prevention personnel decreased by 4.5% from 177 in 2018 to 169 in 2024, with 134 individuals aged 41 and above accounting for 79.3%, highlighting an aging problem in the team. The total number of veterinarians in the county shrank by 15.2% from 1,283 in 2018 to 1,088 in 2024. However, the annual per capita compensation for village-level assistant prevention personnel increased by 23.5% from 8,730 yuan in 2017 to 10,784 yuan. The research team formulated the “Technical Specifications for Prevention and Treatment of Adverse Reactions to Animal Vaccination” and the “Technical Specifications for Early Extraction of Teeth in African Swine Fever Prevention”, which reduced vaccine-related adverse reactions by 2.4261 million yuan annually, a decrease of 209.2%. Fifteen academic papers related to veterinary socialized services were published. In 2025, Dongkou County introduced Shaoyang Zhongwei Agriculture and Husbandry Technology Co., Ltd. as the service provider, with the government allocating 1.298 million yuan for purchasing veterinary public services and equipping 120 social veterinarians. The model, which entrusts the mandatory immunization, record establishment, technical guidance, and other tasks for small and medium-sized scattered livestock farmers to professional teams from enterprises, has achieved initial results, providing a replicable and scalable “Dongkou Model” for the high-quality development of veterinary socialized services nationwide.