烟草青枯病生物防治研究进展与综合治理策略
Research Progress and Comprehensive Management Strategy of Biological Control of Tobacco Bacterial Wilt
DOI: 10.12677/hjas.2026.164080, PDF,    国家科技经费支持
作者: 藏传江, 王德权, 王玉华：山东潍坊烟草有限公司，山东 潍坊；欧开元, 杨 杰：山东临沂烟草有限公司，山东 临沂；苏雪琦, 侯 欣*：山东农业大学植物保护学院，山东 泰安
关键词: 烟草青枯病；青枯雷尔氏菌；生物防治；生防菌；噬菌体；植物源杀菌剂；Ralstonia solanacearum； Biological Control； Biocontrol Bacteria； Bacteriophage； Botanical Fungicides
摘要: 烟草青枯病是由青枯雷尔氏菌(Ralstonia solanacearum)引起的毁灭性土传病害，严重制约烟草产业的可持续发展。传统防治方法如轮作、抗病品种和化学药剂存在明显局限性，促使生物防治成为研究热点。本文系统综述了烟草青枯病的病原学、发生规律及生物防治策略的研究进展，包括植物源杀菌剂、农用抗生素、生防菌(如芽孢杆菌、假单胞菌、真菌及无致病力青枯菌)和噬菌体疗法的应用潜力与机制。尽管生物防治具有环境友好、靶向性强、不易产生抗药性等优势，但仍面临防效不稳定、根际定殖困难、规模化应用成本高等挑战。未来需构建以根际微生态调控为核心，整合多种生物防治手段、抗病品种和智能监测技术的综合治理体系，以实现烟草青枯病的绿色、高效和可持续防控。
Abstract: Tobacco bacterial wilt is a devastating soil-borne disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, which seriously restricts the sustainable development of tobacco industry. Traditional control methods such as crop rotation, disease-resistant varieties and chemical agents have obvious limitations, which makes biological control a research hotspot. In this paper, the etiology, occurrence regularity and biological control strategies of tobacco bacterial wilt were systematically reviewed, including the application potential and mechanism of botanical fungicides, agricultural antibiotics, biocontrol bacteria (such as Bacillus, Pseudomonas, fungi and avirulent Ralstonia solanacearum) and phage therapy. Although biological control has the advantages of environmental friendliness, strong targeting, and low resistance to drugs, it still faces challenges such as unstable control effect, difficulty in rhizosphere colonization, and high cost of large-scale application. In the future, it is necessary to construct a comprehensive management system with rhizosphere microecological regulation as the core, integrating various biological control methods, disease-resistant varieties and intelligent monitoring technology, so as to achieve green, efficient and sustainable prevention and control of tobacco bacterial wilt.
文章引用：藏传江, 王德权, 王玉华, 欧开元, 杨杰, 苏雪琦, 侯欣. 烟草青枯病生物防治研究进展与综合治理策略[J]. 农业科学, 2026, 16(4): 637-646. https://doi.org/10.12677/hjas.2026.164080

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