β-罗勒烯作为种子引发剂对油菜种子及幼苗耐盐的影响

β-Oicmene as Seed Priming Agent Effects on Rapeseed Germination and Seedlings Salt Tolerance

摘要: 为缓解土壤盐渍化对油菜种子萌发及幼苗生长的抑制，本研究首次将β-罗勒烯这种植物源单萜化合物应用于种子引发领域，探究其对盐胁迫下油菜萌发的调控效应。以“湘油15”油菜种子筛选β-罗勒烯最优引发组合，并验证其在盐胁迫下的作用，设置5个β-罗勒烯浓度(0、0.5、1、1.5、2 mM)和3个引发时间(6、12、18 h)，结合4个盐胁迫水平(0、50、100、150 mM NaCl)开展实验，测定萌发参数、生长指标及生理指标。结果表明：1) 通过隶属函数和熵权法分析可得，β-罗勒烯最优引发组合为12 h 1 mM，该组合下植株鲜重、幼苗的根长、种子发芽指数和萌发活力指数为所有处理中的最高值0.07 g、7.96 cm和780.83，综合表现显著优于其他组合；2) 盐胁迫显著抑制油菜生长并加剧氧化损伤，12h1 mM的β-罗勒烯处理可有效缓解该抑制：提升发芽率与生物量，增强渗透调节与抗氧化能力，降低膜脂过氧化，其中低盐(S50)下缓解效果最优。本研究证实β-罗勒烯可作为高效环保的种子引发剂，为盐碱地区油菜生产提供技术支持。

Abstract: To alleviate the inhibitory effects of soil salinization on rapeseed seed germination and seedling growth, this study first applied β-ocimene, a plant-derived monoterpene compound, to seed priming and investigated its regulatory effects on rapeseed germination under salt stress. Using “Xiangyou15” rapeseed seeds, we screened the optimal β-ocimene priming combination and verified its effects under salt stress, with 5 β-ocimene concentrations (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 mM) and 3 priming durations (6, 12, 18 h), combined with 4 salt stress levels (0, 50, 100, 150 mM NaCl). Germination parameters, growth indices, and physiological indices were determined. The results showed that: 1) Based on subordinate function and entropy weight method, the optimal β-ocimene priming combination was 12 h + 1 mM, under which the plant fresh weight (0.07 g), seedling root length (7.96 cm), germination index (780.83), and vigor index reached the highest values among all treatments, with significantly better comprehensive performance than other combinations; 2) Salt stress significantly inhibited rapeseed growth and aggravated oxidative damage, while 12 h + 1 mM β-ocimene effectively alleviated these effects by improving germination rate and biomass, enhancing osmotic regulation and antioxidant capacity, and reducing membrane lipid peroxidation, with the best alleviation effect under low salt stress (S50). This study confirms that β-ocimene can serve as a highly efficient and environmentally friendly seed priming agent, providing technical support for rapeseed production in saline-alkali areas.