基于多传感器融合的婴儿床环境智能调控系统设计

Design of an Intelligent Environment Regulation System for Cribs Based on Multi-Sensor Fusion

摘要: 本文设计并实现了一种基于STM32双核微控制器与ESP32-S3无线通信模块的智能婴儿床原型系统。系统集成了温湿度、光照及摄像头等多类传感器，采用自适应算法实现环境参数的智能调节，并支持远程视频监控与数据可视化。硬件设计上采用STM32H743与STM32F407协同处理，配合BQ25895电源管理及多路稳压电路，实现了高集成度与低功耗运行。软件层面实现了基于CRC校验的温湿度采集、双核协同的灯光调节算法，以及远程视频流传输。实验表明，系统温湿度检测平均误差在±0.6℃与±3%RH以内，远程视频延迟在0.5~1秒之间，基本满足实时监护需求。研究进一步展望了多模态感知、AI决策与家居联动的未来发展方向，为智能婴儿床的系统构建提供了可行的技术方案与参考实现。

Abstract: This paper designs and implements a smart crib prototype system based on an STM32 dual-core microcontroller and an ESP32-S3 wireless communication module. The system integrates multiple types of sensors such as temperature, humidity, ambient light, and a camera. It employs adaptive algorithms for intelligent regulation of environmental parameters and supports remote video monitoring and data visualization. In terms of hardware design, the system utilizes STM32H743 and STM32F407 for collaborative processing, combined with the BQ25895 power management chip and multi-channel voltage regulation circuits, achieving high integration and low-power operation. On the software side, it implements temperature and humidity data acquisition based on CRC checks, a dual-core collaborative lighting control algorithm, and remote video stream transmission. Experiments show that the system’s average temperature and humidity detection errors are within ±0.6˚C and ±3%RH, respectively, and the remote video delay is between 0.5 and 1 second, which basically meets the requirements for real-time monitoring. The study further outlines future development directions including multi-modal sensing, AI-based decision-making, and smart home integration, providing a feasible technical solution and reference implementation for the construction of smart crib systems.