资阳市畜禽养殖面源污染协同治理与“养殖–废弃物–种植”循环模式集成研究

Synergistic Governance of Livestock and Poultry Breeding Non-Point Source Pollution and Integration Research on the “Breeding-Waste-Cultivation” Circular Model in Ziyang City

摘要: 为破解资阳市丘陵地区畜禽养殖面源污染治理适配性差、种养脱节、长效机制缺失等难题，结合资阳市产业格局与山地丘陵地形特征，构建“技术–模式–机制”三位一体的综合解决方案。在技术层面，构建“UASB–芬顿–阶梯式人工湿地”全链条技术体系，创新阶梯式湿地适配坡地，出水达《畜禽养殖业污染物排放标准》(GB 18596-2001)一级标准。氮磷去除率超90%，吨水处理成本2.0~2.5元，较传统技术降低15%~20%。在模式层面，紧扣安岳柠檬、乐至粮食主导产业，设计差异化“养殖–废弃物–种植”循环模式，实现废弃物资源化与产业需求精准匹配，养殖场处理成本降25%，种植户亩均增收800~1500元。在机制层面，建立“政府–企业–农户”三维机制，通过政策补贴、市场化运营、组织化参与平衡利益，形成共赢格局。为川中丘陵及同类区域农业面源污染治理和循环农业发展提供技术支撑与示范。

Abstract: To address the challenges of poor adaptability, disconnection between breeding and cultivation, and lack of long-term mechanisms in the control of livestock and poultry breeding non-point source pollution in the hilly areas of Ziyang City, this study constructs a comprehensive “technology-model-mechanism” trinity solution by integrating the industrial structure and mountainous-hilly topographical characteristics of Ziyang City. At the technical level, a full-chain technical system of “UASB-Fenton-Stepwise Constructed Wetland” is established, with the innovative stepwise constructed wetland adapted to sloping land. The effluent meets the first-class standards specified in the Discharge Standards for Pollutants from Livestock and Poultry Breeding (GB 18596-2001), with the removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus exceeding 90%, and the cost of water treatment per ton ranging from 2.0 to 2.5 yuan, which is 15%~20% lower than that of traditional technologies. At the model level, closely focusing on the leading industries of Anyue lemon and Lezhi grain, a differentiated “breeding-waste-cultivation” circular model is designed to achieve precise matching between waste resource utilization and industrial demand. This model reduces the waste treatment cost of farms by 25% and increases the average per mu income of farmers by 800 to 1500 yuan. At the mechanism level, a three-dimensional “government-enterprise-farmer” mechanism is established to balance interests through policy subsidies, market-oriented operation, and organized participation, forming a win-win pattern. This research provides technical support and a demonstration paradigm for the control of agricultural non-point source pollution and the development of circular agriculture in the central Sichuan hilly region and similar areas.