玛湖油田水平井井筒综合治理技术研究与实践

Research and Practice on Comprehensive Wellbore Treatment Technology for Horizontal Wells in Mahu Oilfield

摘要: 玛湖油田百口泉组属于特低孔渗致密砂砾岩油藏，油藏分布差异大、储层地应力高。由于非常规油藏无有效能量补充方式，随着地层压力持续下降与长期开采，转抽后长期未清理水平段，近井地带污染、井筒结蜡、结垢、沉砂频繁堵塞井筒的问题严重制约着油井产能，同时，低压漏失井况治理是玛湖水平井井筒出砂、解堵、清蜡的前提条件。本文基于上述问题，开展水平井井筒治理技术研究。根据不同区块、不同生产阶段井筒堵塞，分析了出砂、结垢、近井污染三项堵塞产生的原因，建立了井筒不同治理措施工艺参数规范。实践结果表明，所采用的综合治理技术取得了良好的治理效果，有效解决了井筒堵塞问题，保障了玛湖油田水平井的高效、稳定生产，为同类油田井筒治理提供了可借鉴的技术和经验。

Abstract: The Baikouquan Formation in the Mahu Oilfield is an ultra-low-porosity, ultra-low-permeability tight glutenite reservoir, characterized by pronounced heterogeneity in reservoir distribution and high in-situ stress. Owing to the lack of effective energy supplementation in unconventional reservoirs, continuous formation pressure depletion and long-term production, together with the prolonged absence of horizontal section cleaning after conversion to rod pumping, have led to frequent wellbore blockages caused by near-wellbore contamination, wax deposition, scaling, and sand settling, which severely constrain well productivity. In addition, the treatment of low-pressure lost-circulation conditions is a prerequisite for addressing sand production, blockage removal, and wax cleaning in horizontal wells in the Mahu Oilfield. In response to these challenges, this study carries out research on comprehensive wellbore treatment technologies for horizontal wells. Based on wellbore blockage characteristics in different blocks and at different production stages, the mechanisms of sand production, scaling, and near-wellbore contamination are systematically analyzed, and standardized process parameter specifications for various wellbore treatment measures are established. Field application results demonstrate that the proposed comprehensive treatment technology delivers favorable remediation performance, effectively mitigates wellbore blockage issues, ensures efficient and stable production of horizontal wells in the Mahu Oilfield, and provides transferable technologies and practical experience for wellbore treatment in similar oilfields.