产前抑郁对母婴健康的影响
The Impact of Prenatal Depression on Maternal and Infant Health
摘要: 产前抑郁是孕期常见的心理健康问题，其患病率在全球范围内居高不下，对母婴健康构成严重威胁。本文系统回顾了产前抑郁的流行现状及其对母婴健康的影响，涵盖不良妊娠结局、子代大脑结构与功能发育异常、认知与语言发育迟缓、运动发育落后以及情绪行为与社会能力障碍等多个领域。在此基础上，本文重点探讨了母体免疫激活可能作为关键生物学通路的作用机制，包括促炎细胞因子升高、胎盘炎症信号传递、胎儿小胶质细胞活化、单胺类神经递质系统干扰及氧化应激损伤等。未来研究应加强纵向队列设计与机制研究，为早期筛查与有效干预提供科学依据。
Abstract: Prenatal depression is a common mental health condition during pregnancy, with a consistently high prevalence worldwide, posing a serious threat to maternal and infant health. This article systematically reviews the current epidemiological status of prenatal depression and its impact on maternal and infant outcomes, including adverse pregnancy outcomes, abnormalities in brain structure and function in offspring, delays in cognitive and language development, impaired motor development, as well as emotional, behavioral, and social difficulties. On this basis, the article further explores maternal immune activation as a potential key biological pathway, highlighting mechanisms such as elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines, placental inflammatory signaling, activation of fetal microglia, disruption of monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems, and oxidative stress-related damage. Future research should strengthen longitudinal cohort designs and mechanistic investigations to provide a scientific basis for early screening and effective interventions.
文章引用：刘荣, 王敏. 产前抑郁对母婴健康的影响[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(5): 24-32. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.1651785

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