中国银发经济发展现状、国际借鉴与路径优化研究

A Study on the Current Development Status, International References and Path Optimization of China’s Silver Economy

摘要: 在人口老龄化加速推进的背景下，发展银发经济已成为中国积极应对人口结构变迁、保障民生福祉、推动经济高质量发展的战略选择。本文在系统梳理银发经济的概念内涵与理论基础上，分析中国银发经济的发展现状与面临的现实困境，从养老服务体系、产业创新、金融支撑和科技赋能等维度剖析存在的问题。在此基础上，深入考察日本、美国、欧洲等发达国家和地区的养老产业发展经验，从养老保险制度、护理保险体系、科技创新应用、产业融合发展等方面提炼可供借鉴的国际经验。最后，结合中国国情，从完善顶层设计、优化养老金融体系、推动科技赋能、促进产业融合创新、加强人才队伍建设等方面提出促进银发经济高质量发展的路径建议，以期为推动中国银发经济的可持续发展提供理论参考和实践启示。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of an accelerating aging population, developing the silver economy has become a strategic choice for China to actively respond to demographic shifts, safeguard people’s livelihood and well-being, and promote high-quality economic development. This article systematically reviews the conceptual connotation and theoretical foundations of the silver economy, analyzes the current development status and practical difficulties faced by China’s silver economy, and examines existing problems from the perspectives of the elderly care service system, industrial innovation, financial support, and technological empowerment. On this basis, it conducts an in-depth investigation into the development experiences of the elderly care industry in developed countries and regions such as Japan, the United States, and Europe, extracting international lessons that can serve as references in areas including pension insurance systems, long-term care insurance systems, technological innovation applications, and industrial integration development. Finally, considering China’s national conditions, the article proposes pathways and recommendations to promote the high-quality development of the silver economy, focusing on improving top-level design, optimizing the pension financial system, promoting technological empowerment, fostering industrial integration and innovation, and strengthening workforce development. The aim is to provide theoretical references and practical insights for advancing the sustainable development of China’s silver economy.