工学博士研究生取得学位差异性及其影响因素研究

Research on the Differences in Doctoral Degrees in Engineering and Their Influencing Factors

摘要: 本研究以天津某“双一流”高校近六年内授予学位的纺织、材料、机械三个工学专业的275名博士为研究对象，旨在探究影响其取得学位时间及获学位率的因素。综合运用单因素方差分析(One-way ANOVA)、乘积极限法(Kaplan-Meier)与Log-rank检验，以及Cox比例风险回归模型进行数据分析。结果表明：入学方式、专业、硕士学位院校及婚姻状况对博士研究生能否按时(或广义按时)获得学位及其耗时具有显著影响。方差分析显示，上述因素对获学位率影响显著；生存分析进一步证实，这些因素对取得学位的时间也存在显著差异。Cox回归模型指出，入学方式是影响学位获取时间的最显著因素，硕博连读相较于公开招考能显著加快学位获取进程。本研究为高校优化博士培养机制，特别是招生方式与学制设置提供了实证依据。

Abstract: This study focuses on 275 doctoral graduates from three engineering disciplines—Textile, Materials, and Mechanical Engineering—awarded degrees at a “Double First-Class” university in Tianjin over the past six years, aiming to investigate the factors influencing their degree attainment time and graduation rates. Data analysis employed a combination of one-way ANOVA, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, Log-rank tests, and Cox proportional hazards regression models. Results indicate that admission mode, major, master’s graduation institution, and marital status significantly impact whether doctoral students obtain their degrees on time (or broadly on time) and the time required. Variance analysis revealed that these factors significantly affect graduation rates, while survival analysis further confirmed their significant differences in degree attainment time. The Cox regression model identified admission mode as the most influential factor on degree attainment, with the combined master-doctor program significantly accelerating the process compared to open recruitment. This research provides empirical evidence for universities to optimize doctoral training mechanisms, particularly in recruitment methods and academic program design.