中西医预干预腹腔镜胆囊切除术后胃肠功能的研究进展

Research Progress of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Pre-Intervention on Gastrointestinal Function after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

摘要: 腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)目前已成为胆道外科处理良性胆囊疾病的首选术式，然而术后并发胃肠功能障碍(POGD)的高风险问题(发病率区间达34.7%~75%)，明显影响患者康复。本文从发病机制入手，基于西医快速康复外科(ERAS)实践、中医特色干预措施以及中西医协同干预三个维度，总结围术期预干预策略的研究现状与临床循证依据。同时，分析现有研究不足，并提出标准化、机制化、循证化的研究方向，为优化LC围术期胃肠保护方案提供参考。

Abstract: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has become the preferred procedure for benign gallbladder diseases in biliary surgery. However, the high incidence of postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction (POGD), ranging from 34.7% to 75%, significantly affects patient recovery. This article systematically reviews the pathogenesis, summarizes the research status and clinical evidence of perioperative preventive intervention strategies from three perspectives: western medicine enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS), characteristic traditional Chinese medicine interventions, and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine interventions. It also analyzes the deficiencies in current studies and proposes research directions toward standardization, mechanistic clarification, and evidence-based practice, so as to provide references for optimizing gastrointestinal protection regimens during the perioperative period of LC.