减肥食药产品非法添加物检测方法的研究进展
Advances in Detection Methods for Illegally Added Substances in Weight Loss Food and Drug Products
摘要: 随着肥胖问题日益严峻，减肥类食品与药品市场需求持续增长。然而，部分不法商家为追求速效，在宣称“纯天然”的减肥产品中非法添加化学药物，严重威胁消费者健康与用药安全。传统检测方法虽准确可靠，但普遍存在前处理复杂、检测周期长、仪器昂贵等问题，难以满足大批量样品的现场快速筛查需求。近年来，各类新型检测技术不断涌现，涵盖光谱分析、色谱–质谱联用、电化学传感、免疫分析等多个领域，在检测灵敏度、分析速度、操作便捷性等方面各具优势。本文系统综述了减肥类产品中非法添加物的检测方法研究进展，重点分析了近红外光谱、拉曼光谱、薄层色谱、高效液相色谱–质谱联用、表面增强拉曼散射、免疫层析等技术的特点与应用现状，通过对比不同方法的检测限、分析时间、适用场景等关键指标，总结了各类方法的优势与局限性，并探讨了当前研究面临的主要挑战与未来发展方向，以期为减肥产品非法添加物的快速筛查与准确确证提供技术参考。
Abstract: With the escalating obesity problem, the market demand for weight loss foods and pharmaceutical products continues to grow. However, some unscrupulous manufacturers illegally add chemical drugs to products claiming to be “all-natural” in pursuit of rapid efficacy, posing serious threats to consumer health and medication safety. Although traditional detection methods are accurate and reliable, they generally suffer from issues such as complex pretreatment, long analysis cycles, and expensive instrumentation, making it difficult to meet the demands for on-site rapid screening of large sample batches. In recent years, various novel detection technologies have emerged, covering multiple fields including spectroscopic analysis, chromatography-mass spectrometry, electrochemical sensing, and immunoassays, each offering distinct advantages in detection sensitivity, analysis speed, and operational convenience. This review systematically summarizes the research progress in detection methods for illegally added substances in weight loss products. It focuses on analyzing the characteristics and application status of technologies such as near-infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, thin-layer chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, and immunochromatography. By comparing key indicators such as detection limits, analysis time, and applicable scenarios across different methods, the advantages and limitations of each approach are summarized. The major challenges facing current research and future development directions are also discussed, aiming to provide technical references for rapid screening and accurate confirmation of illegal additives in weight loss products.
文章引用：谭成, 祁文杰, 何彬霞, 薛智, 曾淼. 减肥食药产品非法添加物检测方法的研究进展[J]. 分析化学进展, 2026, 16(2): 101-109. https://doi.org/10.12677/aac.2026.162012

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