基于真实情境驱动下的“胺和酰胺”结构化教学设计

Structured Instructional Design of “Amines and Amides” Driven by Real-World Contexts

摘要: 胺和酰胺作为人教版高中化学新教材新增内容，虽在知识要求上较为基础，但近年来在高考中常以有机合成中间体的形式出现。本文以“防弹衣材料的革新”为主线，将学科知识与真实情境深度融合，从组成、官能团和结构等多个角度，系统构建了认识胺与酰胺的一般思路。借助化学学科视角审视材料纤维的发展历程，引导学生深刻体悟“结构决定性质，性质决定用途”这一学科核心观念。同时，通过介绍我国相关研究团队在前沿领域研发的“人造蜘蛛丝”，有效彰显科学精神与家国情怀的重要价值。

Abstract: As newly added content in the People’s Education Press (PEP) high school chemistry textbook, amines and amides are relatively fundamental in terms of knowledge requirements. However, in recent years, they have frequently appeared in college entrance examinations (Gaokao) in the form of intermediates in organic synthesis. This article takes the “innovation in bulletproof vest materials” as the main thread, deeply integrating subject knowledge with real-world contexts. It systematically constructs a general approach to understanding amines and amides from multiple perspectives, including composition, functional groups, and structure. By examining the development history of material fibers from a chemical perspective, the design guides students to deeply appreciate the core disciplinary concept of “structure determines properties, and properties determine uses”. Additionally, by introducing the “artificial spider silk” developed by Chinese research teams in cutting-edge fields, the design effectively highlights the importance of scientific spirit and a sense of commitment to the nation.