《哥达纲领批判》中马克思分配思想研究

A Study on Marx’s Thought of Distribution in Critique of the Gotha Program

摘要: 马克思对《哥达纲领》中的分配思想进行了尖锐的批评，通过对“劳动是一切财富和文化的源泉”、“不折不扣的劳动所得”以及“铁的工资规律”的批判，马克思构建出分配正义思想，提出了未来共产主义社会两个阶段的两种分配制度，并指出真正公平的分配制度只能依靠工人阶级自身的力量而非国家的改良方案来实现。最后结合我国实际，马克思分配思想对新时代坚持高质量发展、夯实物质基础以及优化分配关系、缩小贫富差距具有重要的实践指导价值与时代意义。

Abstract: Marx sharply criticized the distribution ideas in the “Gotha Program”. Through the criticism of “labor is the source of all wealth and culture”, “unalterable income from labor” and “the iron law of wages”, Marx constructed the idea of distribution justice and proposed two distribution systems for the two stages of the future communist society It was pointed out that a truly fair distribution system can only be achieved through the power of the proletariat itself rather than the reform plans of the state. Finally, according to the actual situation, Marx’s distribution thought holds significant practical guiding value and contemporary significance for in the new era to adhere to high-quality development, consolidate the material foundation, optimize distribution relations, and narrow the gap between the rich and the poor.