英汉中与手相关习语的隐含转喻对比研究

A Comparative Study of Implicit Metaphors Related to Hands in English and Chinese Idioms

摘要: 文章从认知语言学视角出发，以手为例，采用定性和定量相结合的研究方法，聚焦考察汉英身体器官习语的隐喻和转喻机制，旨在揭示汉英语言背后的隐转喻思维的差异。研究发现，汉英习语中身体器官手都是能力或技能、手是掌控或权力、手是人际关系的核心隐喻映射。也都存在部分代整体、工具代动作或使用者、特征代主体等转喻现象。但汉语手相关的习语的转喻常与亲属伦理、社会层级深度绑定或与传统文化意境相关联。相比之下，英语转喻则多关联西方社会生活经验与历史语境。

Abstract: The article, from the perspective of cognitive linguistics, takes the hand as an example and employs a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods to focus on examining the metaphorical and metonymic mechanisms of idioms related to body organs in Chinese and English. It aims to reveal the differences in the underlying metaphorical thinking between the two languages. The study found that in both Chinese and English idioms, the body organ “hand” is a metaphorical mapping for ability or skill, control or power, and the core of interpersonal relationships. There are also instances of metonymy where parts represent the whole, tools represent actions or users, and characteristics represent the subject. However, the metonymy of idioms related to hands in Chinese is often deeply tied to familial ethics, social hierarchies, or associated with the essence of traditional culture. In contrast, English metonymy is more often associated with Western social life experiences and historical contexts.