《普通语言学教程》在国内的研究述评与展望

Review and Prospect of Research on the “Course in General Linguistics” in China

摘要: 费尔迪南·德·索绪尔的《普通语言学教程》作为语言学史上的划时代经典，不仅是现代语言学的奠基之作，其理论思想亦跨越语言学范畴，对社会学、人类学等多学科产生了深远影响。本文以该著作为研究对象，采用文献分析方法，首先系统梳理了索绪尔的学术生平及著作创作背景，深入剖析其核心理论内涵、学术贡献与历史局限；其次，依托中国知网文献资源，回溯了国内近年来的研究脉络，重点探析了理论阐释、哲学挖掘、版本辨析等研究热点，并明确指出当前学界在“共时与历时语言学”等关键理论领域尚缺乏系统研究的学术空白。本文的研究，清晰厘清了《普通语言学教程》的理论内核与教材价值，不仅为后续的索绪尔语言学研究提供了坚实的基础与参照，也为该理论的实践应用与语言学教学研究指明了可行路径。

Abstract: Ferdinand de Saussure’s “Course in General Linguistics” is a groundbreaking classic in the history of linguistics. It is not only the foundation of modern linguistics, but its theoretical ideas also transcend linguistic categories and have had a profound impact on multiple disciplines such as sociology and anthropology. This article takes this work as the research object and adopts the method of literature analysis. Firstly, it systematically sorts out Saussure’s academic life and the background of his works, and deeply analyzes his core theoretical connotation, academic contributions, and historical limitations; Secondly, relying on the literature resources of China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), the research context in recent years in China was traced back, with a focus on exploring research hotspots such as theoretical interpretation, philosophical exploration, and version analysis. It was clearly pointed out that there is still a lack of systematic research in key theoretical fields such as “synchronic and diachronic linguistics” in the current academic community. The research in this article clearly clarifies the theoretical core and textbook value of the “Course in General Linguistics”, which not only provides a solid foundation and reference for subsequent Saussure linguistic research, but also points out a feasible path for the practical application of this theory and linguistic teaching research.