异位脂质沉积的影像学检测方法概述
Overview of Imaging Methods for Ectopic Lipid Deposition
摘要: 异位脂质沉积是代谢综合征、2型糖尿病及代谢相关脂肪性肝病等疾病的关键病理特征，其精准无创评估对早期诊疗具有重要意义。本文系统综述了异位脂质沉积的超声、CT及MRI等影像学技术的可视化表达以及影像学技术在肝脏、骨骼肌、心肌、胰腺及肾窦等部位脂质沉积检测中的应用、特点及进展。超声尤其定量参数CAP与UDFF适合大范围筛查；CT因辐射限制主要用于机会性中重度脂肪变检测；MRI-PDFF与1H-MRS凭借高准确性与可重复性，成为当前优选的无创定量手段。不同方法在准确性、成本、可及性及适用场景上各有优劣，临床及科研中需综合选择。未来，人工智能辅助评估有望进一步提升异位脂质沉积的影像学诊断效能。
Abstract: Ectopic lipid deposition is a key pathological feature of metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease. Accurate and non-invasive assessment of ectopic lipid deposition is of great significance for early diagnosis and treatment. This article systematically reviews the visualization of ultrasound, CT, and MRI, as well as the application, characteristics, and advances of these techniques in detecting lipid deposition in the liver, skeletal muscle, myocardium, pancreas, and renal sinus. Ultrasound, particularly with quantitative parameters such as CAP and UDFF, is suitable for large-scale screening. Due to radiation exposure, CT is mainly used for opportunistic detection of moderate-to-severe steatosis. MRI-PDFF and 1H-MRS, with their high accuracy and reproducibility, have become the current preferred non-invasive quantitative methods. Different techniques have their own advantages and limitations in terms of accuracy, cost, accessibility, and clinical applicability, requiring comprehensive selection in clinical practice. In the future, artificial intelligence-assisted assessment is expected to further enhance the imaging diagnostic performance for ectopic lipid deposition.
文章引用：刘虹颖, 龚莉琳. 异位脂质沉积的影像学检测方法概述[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(5): 503-509. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.1651841

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