单纯性肥胖儿童血清维生素D水平及其影响因素研究

A Study on Serum Vitamin D Levels and Their Influencing Factors in Children with Simple Obesity

摘要: 目的：探讨单纯性肥胖儿童维生素D水平，分析其与年龄、体重指数(BMI)、腰围及腰围身高比等因素的相关性。方法：回顾性选取2022年2月至2024年9月于青岛大学附属医院儿童保健科就诊的7~14岁单纯性肥胖儿童117例作为研究对象，同期体检体重指数正常的儿童51例作为对照组，采用化学发光法检测血清25(OH)D浓度，标准方法测量身高、体重、腰围相关指标。结果：肥胖组与对照组儿童血清维生素D水平差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)，在维生素D不足及维生素D缺乏的患病率上差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)，并且肥胖组儿童血清维生素D水平在年龄及就诊季节上差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。经pearson或spearman相关性分析显示，BMI、腰围、体重、身高与维生素D水平呈负相关(r = −1.198, P < 0.05; r = −0.264, P < 0.05; r = −0.248, P < 0.05; r = −0.232, P < 0.05)。结论：肥胖儿童普遍存在维生素D缺乏，建议加强肥胖儿童维生素D筛查与干预，尤其应关注腹型肥胖儿童的维生素D状况。

Abstract: Objective: This paper aims to explore the vitamin D levels in children with simple obesity and analyze their correlation with factors such as age, Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio. Methods: A retrospective selection was made of 117 children aged 7~14 with simple obesity who visited the Department of Child Health, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, between February 2022 and September 2024 as the study subjects. Concurrently, 51 children with a normal BMI from physical examinations were selected as the control group. Serum 25(OH)D concentration was measured by chemiluminescence, and height, weight, and waist circumference were measured using standard methods. Results: The difference in serum vitamin D levels between the obese group and the control group was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency also showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). Within the obese group, serum vitamin D levels showed statistically significant differences according to age and the season of the visit (P < 0.05). Pearson or Spearman correlation analysis showed that BMI, waist circumference, weight, and height were negatively correlated with vitamin D levels (r = −1.198, P < 0.05; r = −0.264, P < 0.05; r = −0.248, P < 0.05; r = −0.232, P < 0.05, respectively). Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency is common in children with obesity. It is recommended to strengthen vitamin D screening and intervention for obese children, with particular attention paid to the vitamin D status of children with abdominal obesity.