面向韩国的西安城市文化国际传播研究——基于区域国别学视角的中国文化符号考察

International Communication of Xi’an’s Urban Culture to South Korea—A Study of Chinese Cultural Symbolism from the Perspective of Regional Studies

摘要: 本文以“西安”作为文化形象符号，研究其在中韩文化交流中的象征意义、传播路径及传播效应。作为中国历史文化名城，西安承载着中华文明的核心记忆，具有鲜明的都城文化、丝路文化和传统文化符号价值。在韩国社会对中国文化的认知建构中，西安不仅被视为一座中国城市，更被理解为中华传统文化、古代文明和历史中国的重要代表，现实中西安对于韩国的文化向心力之强甚至可能远高于我们的设想和预期。以往的相关研究突出了西安厚重的历史底蕴和鲜明的文化辨识度，但同时也面临传播内容单一、现代城市形象不足、区域性研究针对性不足等问题。本文结合区域国别研究视角，分析西安文化形象在韩国传播中的主要载体，并考察其对韩国社会中国形象认知和文化接受和中韩民间交流的影响。本文认为，西安在韩国的文化传播影响力，首先源于其作为“中国历史与文明象征”的独特地位，其次体现于现代旅游、教育、媒体和文化交流活动中不断强化的认知积累。西安所承载的文化符号意义，有助于提升韩国民众对中国文化的整体认同与理解，也为中国国家形象的对外传播提供了具有高度辨识度和历史厚度的城市文化载体。

Abstract: This paper takes Xi’an as a cultural image-symbol and examines its symbolic significance, channels of dissemination, and communication effects in Sino-Korean cultural exchanges. As one of China’s most renowned historical and cultural cities, Xi’an embodies the core memory of Chinese civilization and possesses distinctive symbolic value associated with imperial capital culture, Silk Road culture, and traditional Chinese heritage. In the process through which Korean society constructs its understanding of Chinese culture, Xi’an is viewed not merely as a Chinese city, but as an important representative of traditional Chinese culture, ancient civilization, and historical China. Xi’an’s cultural appeal and centripetal force for Korea may be far stronger than commonly assumed or expected. Previous studies have highlighted Xi’an’s profound historical legacy and strong cultural recognizability, but they have also revealed several limitations, including overly homogeneous communication content, insufficient presentation of the city’s modern image, and a lack of targeted regional studies. From the perspective of area studies, this paper analyzes the major carriers through which Xi’an’s cultural image is communicated in Korea and further examines its influence on Korean society’s perception of China, cultural reception, and people-to-people exchange between China and Korea. The study argues that Xi’an’s cultural communication influence in Korea derives, first, from its unique status as a symbol of Chinese history and civilization, and second, from the cumulative reinforcement of this image through modern tourism, education, media, and cultural exchange activities. The cultural-symbolic meanings embodied by Xi’an help enhance Korean people’s overall identification with and understanding of Chinese culture, while also providing a highly recognizable and historically rich urban cultural vehicle for the international communication of China’s national image.