《德意志意识形态》经典文本映照下新质生产力的当代价值与发展路径探析

An Analysis of the Contemporary Value and Development Path of New-Quality Productive Forces in Light of the Classic Text of The German Ideology

摘要: 生产力概念是马克思恩格斯唯物史观的基石，生产力理论是马克思主义理论体系的基础。本文以《德意志意识形态》(以下简称《形态》)为理论基础，深入剖析新质生产力的理论渊源与当代意蕴。《形态》基于“现实的人”、“物质生活的生产”及“交往活动”构建的生产力思想范式，为理解新质生产力提供了坚实的学理支撑。新质生产力与《形态》存在思想共鸣：“现实的个人”是新质生产力发展的前提，二者相互促进；生产力与交往形式的矛盾运动推动着生产关系的适应性变革；“生活决定意识”的唯物史观原则揭示了新质生产力生成的历史必然性与社会先进力量的历史主动性的统一，新质生产力的高度发展是实现共产主义的核心物质前提。面对新一轮科技革命与产业变革，发展新质生产力应坚持科技创新与文化融合，营造良好创新生态；通过制度创新构建与之相适应的新型生产关系；以教育、科技、人才一体化推进强化智力支撑；并通过广泛的社会协作与普遍交往拓展发展空间，为中国式现代化建设提供强大动力。

Abstract: The concept of productive forces is the cornerstone of Marx and Engels’ historical materialism, and the theory of productive forces constitutes the foundation of the Marxist theoretical system. Based on The German Ideology, this paper deeply analyzes the theoretical origin and contemporary implication of new quality productive forces. The paradigm of productive forces constructed in The German Ideology on the basis of “real individuals”, “the production of material life” and “intercourse” provides solid theoretical support for understanding new quality productive forces. There is an ideological resonance between new quality productive forces and The German Ideology: “real individuals” are the premise for the development of new quality productive forces, and the two promote each other; the contradictory movement between productive forces and forms of intercourse drives the adaptive transformation of production relations; the historical materialist principle that “life determines consciousness” reveals the unity of the historical inevitability of the emergence of new quality productive forces and the progressive social forces of historical initiative. The high development of new quality productive forces is the core material prerequisite for the realization of communism. Faced with the new round of scientific and technological challenge and industrial transformation, the development of new quality productive forces should adhere to the integration of scientific and technological innovation and culture to foster a sound innovation ecosystem; build new types of production relations compatible with them through institutional innovation; strengthen intellectual support by promoting the integrated development of education, science and technology, and talent; and expand development space through extensive social collaboration and universal intercourse, so as to provide a strong driving force for the construction of Chinese-style modernization.