我国公众应急素养现状及培育路径研究

Research on the Current Situation and Cultivation Path of Public Emergency Literacy in China

摘要: 近年来各类突发事件频繁发生，这对公众的安全素养提出了更高要求。公众的应急素养水平直接关系到自救互救能力和整体社会抗风险能力。本文通过梳理相关文献并结合现实观察，分析了当前我国公众应急素养的现状及存在的主要问题。研究发现，公众普遍存在应急意识与实际技能脱节、应急知识结构不完整、信息辨别能力较弱、心理调适能力不足等情况。在此基础上，本文从个人习惯养成、社会协同参与和教育体系完善三个层面，探讨了提升公众应急素养的可行路径。

Abstract: In recent years, various emergencies have occurred frequently, which has put forward higher requirements for public safety literacy. The level of public emergency literacy is directly related to the ability of self-rescue and mutual rescue as well as the overall social risk resistance capacity. By sorting out relevant literature and combining with practical observations, this paper analyzes the current situation and main existing problems of public emergency literacy in China. The study finds that the public generally suffers from disconnection between emergency awareness and practical skills, incomplete emergency knowledge structure, weak information discrimination ability, and insufficient psychological adjustment ability. On this basis, this paper discusses feasible paths to improve public emergency literacy from three dimensions: the cultivation of personal habits, social collaborative participation, and the improvement of the education system.