从“三形态说”审视人与自然关系的演进与启示

The Evolution and Enlightenment of the Relationship between Human and Nature from the Perspective of “Three Forms Theory”

摘要: 整部人的发展史是人与自然关系的演进史。人与自然的关系是贯穿马克思主义关于人的发展“三形态说”的主线，将人的发展的三大历史形态有机串联，汇聚成人类文明发展的鸿篇巨制。文章阐释自然作为人的发展不可须臾离开的无机身体，在生产力与生产关系和人的发展需求内在逻辑的推演下，二者的关系依次经历人的依赖关系阶段受尊重，物的依赖关系阶段遭掠夺，自由个性阶段相和解的发展历程。在推进美丽中国建设的征程上，从此演进历程中汲取智慧和经验，对当今推进生态文明建设具有重要启示和指导价值。

Abstract: The entire history of human development is a history of changes in the relationship between human and nature. The relationship between human and nature is the main thread running through Marxism’s “Three Forms Theory” of human development, which organically connects the three historical forms of human development and converges into a monumental work of the development of human civilization. This paper expounds that nature, as the inorganic body indispensable to human development, under the internal logical deduction of productive forces, production relations and human development needs, has undergone a historical evolution: respected in the stage of human dependence, plundered in the stage of material dependence, and reconciled in the stage of free individuality. In the course of building a Beautiful China, drawing wisdom and experience from this evolutionary process is of important enlightenment and guiding value for promoting the construction of ecological civilization today.