执行功能训练对阈下ADHD儿童的干预效果

The Effects of Executive Function Training on Children with Subthreshold ADHD

摘要: 目的：探讨执行功能训练对阈下ADHD儿童的核心症状以及抑制控制控制能力的干预效果。方法：采用随机对照设计，将82名阈下ADHD儿童随机分为训练组(n = 41)和对照组(n = 41)。训练组接受为期8周的执行功能训练，对照组仅接受一般家长健康教育。采用SNAP-IV评定量表、执行功能行为评定量表(BRIEF)同时利用眼动追踪技术结合转换眼跳任务于基线、8周干预结束后进行评估。结果：8周干预后，执行功能训练组SNAP-IV量表及BRIEF量表得分差值均显著大于对照组差值，转换眼跳任务干预前后正确率、正向眼跳反应时、反向眼跳反应时的差值均显著大于对照组(P < 0.05)，训练组SNAP-IV量表得分以及转换眼跳任务的反应时和正确率得分与干预前得分差异具有统计学意义。结论：执行功能训练能够有效改善阈下ADHD儿童的核心症状以及抑制控制能力。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the intervention effects of executive function training on the core symptoms and inhibitory control of children with subthreshold ADHD. Methods: Using a randomized controlled design, 82 children with Subthreshold ADHD were randomly assigned to a training group (n = 41) and a control group (n = 41). The training group received 8 weeks of executive function training, while the control group received only general parental health education. Assessments were conducted at baseline and after the 8-week intervention using the SNAP-IV rating scale, the Behavioral Rating of Executive Function (BRIEF), and eye-tracking technology combined with the saccade switching task. Results: After the 8-week intervention, the difference in SNAP-IV and BRIEF scores in the executive function training group was significantly greater than that in the control group. The differences in correct response rates, reaction times for forward saccades, and reaction times for backward saccades on the saccade task before and after the intervention were all significantly greater than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The differences between pre- and post-intervention scores on the SNAP-IV scale, as well as reaction times and accuracy scores on the saccade task, were statistically significant in the training group. Conclusion: Executive function training can effectively improve core symptoms and inhibitory control in children with Subthreshold ADHD.