中医药防治子宫内膜异位症相关慢性盆腔痛的研究进展

Research Progress on Traditional Chinese Medicine in Preventing and Treating Endometriosis-Related Chronic Pelvic Pain

摘要: 子宫内膜异位症(EMT)是导致慢性盆腔痛(CPP)的主要原因之一，西医治疗存在不良反应及复发率高的局限。中医药基于“整体观念”与“辨证论治”，在防治EMT相关CPP方面展现出独特优势。本文旨在综述中医药在该领域的研究进展，重点从“未病先防，既病防变”的中医治则、辨证分型论治、经典方剂应用及针灸外治等方面进行梳理。结果表明，中医药通过多途径、多靶点干预，能有效缓解疼痛、改善症状、降低复发率且安全性较高。然而，当前研究仍存在疗效评价标准不一、远期疗效数据缺乏、作用机制阐释不足等问题。未来，结合现代诊疗技术，深化中西医结合防治模式，将有助于建立更优化、个体化的治疗方案，提高患者生活质量。

Abstract: Endometriosis (EMT) is one of the main causes of Chronic Pelvic Pain (CPP). Western medical treatment has limitations such as adverse reactions and high recurrence rate. Traditional Chinese medicine is based on “holistic concept” and “syndrome differentiation” and has shown unique advantages in preventing and treating EMT-related CPP. This article aims to review the research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in this field, focusing on the traditional Chinese medicine treatment principles of “preventing disease before it becomes ill, and preventing disease before it changes”, syndrome differentiation, application of classic prescriptions, and external treatment. The results show that traditional Chinese medicine can effectively relieve pain, improve symptoms, reduce recurrence rates and have high safety through multi-channel and multi-target intervention. However, current research still suffers from problems such as inconsistent efficacy evaluation standards, lack of long-term efficacy data, and insufficient elucidation of the mechanism of action. In the future, combining modern diagnosis and treatment technology and deepening the prevention and treatment model of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine will help establish more optimized and individualized treatment plans and improve patients’ quality of life.