用于丙酮传感的g-C₃N₄/WO₃异质结构复合材料

g-C₃N₄/WO₃ Heterostructure Composite for Acetone Sensing

摘要: 随着工业化的快速发展和人们健康意识的提升，对有害气体进行高灵敏度、快速响应的检测需求日益迫切。丙酮作为一种典型的挥发性有机化合物，不仅是重要的工业溶剂，其浓度水平更可作为糖尿病等疾病的呼气生物标志物，尤其在糖尿病患者呼出气体中，丙酮的诊断阈值仅为1.8 ppm，远高于健康人群。因此，开发能够在低浓度(亚ppm级)下对丙酮进行快速、准确检测的高性能气体传感器，对于环境监测与早期无创疾病诊断具有重要的现实意义。金属氧化物半导体(MOS)气体传感器因其结构简单、成本低廉等优势被广泛应用，然而仍然存在一些问题如工作温度高、选择性差及检测限较高等。针对上述问题，本研究以典型n型半导体三氧化钨(WO₃)为基础，通过引入二维材料石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)构建异质结构，旨在提升其对丙酮的气敏性能。优化后的材料具有高响应、更低的工作温度、更短的响应时间并且对丙酮具有更好的选择性，证明了g-C₃N₄/WO₃在丙酮传感方面的巨大潜力。

Abstract: With the rapid development of industrialization and growing public health awareness, there is an increasingly urgent need for highly sensitive and rapid detection of harmful gases. As a typical volatile organic compound, acetone is not only an important industrial solvent, but its concentration levels can also serve as a breath biomarker for diseases such as diabetes. In particular, the diagnostic threshold for acetone in the exhaled breath of diabetic patients is only 1.8 ppm, which is significantly higher than that in healthy individuals. Therefore, the development of high-performance gas sensors capable of rapidly and accurately detecting acetone at low concentrations (sub-ppm levels) holds significant practical importance for environmental monitoring and early, non-invasive disease diagnosis. Metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors are widely used due to their simple structure and low cost; however, they still suffer from issues such as high operating temperatures, poor selectivity, and high detection limits. To address these issues, this study utilized the typical n-type semiconductor tungsten trioxide (WO₃) as a base and constructed a heterostructure by introducing the two-dimensional material graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄), aiming to enhance its gas-sensing performance for acetone. The optimized material exhibits high responsivity, a lower operating temperature, a shorter response time, and improved selectivity toward acetone, demonstrating the significant potential of g-C₃N₄/WO₃ for acetone sensing.