大学生记忆参照效应及孤独感对其影响初探

The Memory-Reference Effect of College Students and Preliminary Seeing the Role of Loneliness in It

摘要: 运用自我参照研究中的R/K判断范式与UCLA孤独量表(第三版)，采用2(孤独程度) × 3(参照条件)双因素实验设计，检验大学生的自我参照效应、朋友参照效应和自我包括朋友模型，初步探讨孤独感对大学生记忆参照效应的影响。结果显示：参照条件的主效应显著，自我参照大于朋友参照、鲁迅参照，朋友参照大于鲁迅参照，即大学生表现出自我参照效应和朋友参照效应，体现了自我编码、朋友编码的优势；但并未充分表现出自我包括朋友模型，一定程度上反映了大学生自我发展中的独立性；孤独感与参照条件的交互作用不显著，表明大学生表现出较为稳定的记忆参照模式。

Abstract: The research adopted the R/K paradigm and the UCLA Loneliness Scale (the third edition) within a 2 (the degree of loneliness) ×3 (the condition of reference) two-factor design to test the self-ref- erence effect, the friend-reference effect, whether the self included friends of college students, and preliminarily tried to investigate whether the loneliness had an impact on memory-reference. Ac-cording to the results, we could come to the conclusion that the main effect of the reference-con- dition was significant such that the self-reference condition was higher than the friend-reference condition or the LuXun-reference condition, and the friend-reference condition was higher than the LuXun-reference condition, which meant that there were self-reference effect & the friend-ref- erence effect and reflected the advantage of self-reference coding and friend-reference coding; but it could not prove the model that the self included friends fully, which suggested college students were independent in the development of self; the interaction between the memory-reference and the loneliness was not significant, which meant the mode of the memory-reference was stable on some degree.