科技英语的文体特征分析——以天体物理学论文为例

An Analysis of Stylistic Features in English for Science and Technology—A Case Study of Astrophysics Paper

摘要: 随着太空战略深化与行星探测研究推进，科技英语成为天体物理领域国际学术交流的核心载体，但现有研究对该学科专属文体特征关注不足。本研究以天体物理学核心期刊论文为语料，从词汇、句法、语篇三维度展开分析。词汇层面，多用技术词构建专业概念、半技术词平衡可读性与专业性、非技术词保障连贯，缩略、派生、复合法提升表达效率；句法层面，名词化、被动语态、平行结构适配复杂机制传递；语篇层面，语法衔接与词汇衔接强化逻辑。研究表明，天体物理英语兼具精准客观的通用规律与天文专属术语高频使用的学科特性。本研究丰富了科技英语学科案例，为天体物理科研文本创作与国际合作提供参考，助力太空战略背景下的学术交流。

Abstract: As space strategies deepen and planetary exploration research advances, EST has become the primary vehicle for international academic exchange in astrophysics; however, existing research has paid insufficient attention to the discipline’s distinctive stylistic and linguistics features. This study uses the paper published in a core astrophysics journal, as its corpus, and conducts an analysis across three dimensions: lexicon, syntax and discourse. At the lexical level, technical terms construct technical concepts, semi-technical terms balance readability with technical rigour, and non-technical words ensure coherence, whilst acronyms, derivation and compounding enhance expressive efficiency. At the syntactic level, nominalization, the passive voice and parallel structures are employed to convey complex mechanisms. At the discourse level, syntactic and lexical cohesion reinforce logical coherence. Research indicates that astrophysics English is characterized by both precise and objective general principles and the frequent use of specialized astronomical terminology. This study enriches the body of case studies in scientific and technical English, providing a reference for the drafting of astrophysical research texts and international collaboration, thereby facilitating academic exchange within the context of space strategy.