算法控制下外卖骑手权益保障路径

The Path of Food Delivery Rider Rights Protection under Algorithmic Control

摘要: 在数字经济时代，平台企业通过算法实现了对外卖骑手的隐形控制。本文通过分析外卖骑手在劳动过程中的算法逻辑，即算法控制下的等级与分配制度、距离与时间计算、评价与工资计算，发现在算法控制下外卖骑手劳动权益保障存在算法隐形侵害骑手权益、社会保障制度失灵的困境。需要从现实出发，完善劳动关系从属性的认定标准、完善职业伤害保险制度、推进算法透明与协商机制、保障劳动者休息权等方面实现对劳动者权益的保护。

Abstract: In the digital economy era, platform companies have implemented invisible control over food delivery riders through algorithmic systems. This study analyzes the algorithmic logic governing riders’ labor processes—including hierarchical allocation systems, distance-time calculations, and performance-based wage structures—revealing systemic challenges such as algorithmic infringement on workers’ rights and dysfunctional social security mechanisms. Practical solutions require: refining criteria for identifying labor relationship subordination, enhancing occupational injury insurance coverage, promoting algorithm transparency and collective bargaining mechanisms, and safeguarding workers’ rest rights to ensure comprehensive labor protection.