乡村数字治理变革与法治前沿

Rural Digital Governance Transformation and Frontiers of the Rule of Law

摘要: 本文旨在探讨数字技术促进乡村治理进程中面临的法治困境与应对路径。通过文献梳理与案例分析发现，乡村数字治理虽在提升效能、推动城乡融合等方面成效显著，但仍面临基础设施不均、主体权责模糊、技术应用脱节、数据隐私风险等四重法治困境。尤其是隐私保护方面存在村委会的法律地位模糊、乡镇政府的监管责任虚化、多方责任边界模糊以及技术外包方责任缺位等问题。研究提出，应从强化基础设施与法治保障、健全权责监督机制、推动技术本土化适配、规范数据共享与隐私保护等方面综合施策，构建技术与法治相结合的乡村治理新格局，为数字乡村建设提供坚实保障。

Abstract: This paper aims to explore the rule-of-law challenges and corresponding solutions in the process of promoting rural governance through digital technology. Through literature review and case analysis, it is found that although rural digital governance has achieved remarkable results in enhancing efficiency and promoting urban-rural integration, it still faces fourfold rule-of-law challenges: uneven infrastructure, ambiguous subject rights and responsibilities, disconnect in technology application, and data privacy risks. Particularly in terms of privacy protection, issues such as the ambiguous legal status of village committees, the weakened regulatory responsibility of township governments, blurred multi-stakeholder responsibility boundaries, and the absence of responsibility of technology outsourcing parties are prominent. The study proposes comprehensive measures including strengthening infrastructure and legal safeguards, improving rights-responsibility and supervision mechanisms, promoting localized adaptation of technology, and regulating data sharing and privacy protection. These efforts aim to establish a new rural governance pattern combining technology with the rule of law, providing solid guarantees for digital rural construction.